California Healthy Soil Policy

California State Flower: California Golden Poppy

Overview

California has a range of policies that support soil health and address climate change. The state has two main policies which directly focus on healthy soil. There is a suite of  “Climate Smart” policies which support the adoption of climate-friendly agriculture operations and multiple organic waste management policies that support soil health and greenhouse `gas emissions reductions through the incentivization of compost production and use. Developed in tandem, the policies that work to move organic waste to compost help to build supply for new markets created by carbon farming. The majority of policies are funded through the revenue generated by California’s Cap-and-Trade program. 

  • Healthy Soils Initiative (HSI): Created by executive order in 2015, HSI paved the way for the Healthy Soils Program by explicitly stating a need for soil stewardship and calling on government agencies to build a program with the purpose of supporting soil health. 
  • Healthy Soils Program (HSP): Put into statute in 2016, HSP incentivizes farmers and ranchers to build soil health through providing loans, grants, outreach, and education.
  • Mandatory Commercial Organics Recycling (AB 1826): Put into statute in 2014, this policy requires businesses to recycle organic waste depending on the amount they produce in a week. More businesses are required to participate based on the policy’s implementation timeline. It is an unfunded mandate. 
  • Organics Waste Methane Emissions Reductions (SB 1383): Put into statute in 2016, this policy created a statewide goal of recycling organic waste as a means to reduce methane emissions from landfills. It is an unfunded mandate, although grants have assisted local governments and supportive organizations. 
  • Alternative Manure Management Program (AMMP): Put into statute in 2016, AMMP provides dairy producers with grants for non-digester manure management projects (e.g., transition away from flush systems to dry scraping and solid separation to produce compost) as well as funds demonstration projects and producer education and outreach.
  • State Water Efficiency and Enhancement Program (SWEEP): Created by executive order in 2014 but never put into statute. SWEEP provides grants for irrigation system improvements that reduce emissions and save water.  It was defunded in the 2019-20 budget year despite having high demand from agricultural producers. 
  • Sustainable Agricultural Lands Conservation (SALC): Launched in 2014 as a program of the Affordable Housing and Sustainable Communities (AHSC) Program, SALC provides grants for agricultural conservation easements and to local governments to develop plans and policies related to farmland conservation. 
  • Technical Assistance Program: In 2018, AB 2377 was signed and requires at least 5% of the budgets from the three Climate Smart Agriculture programs administered by the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA)—Healthy Soils Program, SWEEP and AMMP—is earmarked specifically for technical assistance grants, including a 25% set-aside for socially disadvantaged farmers.
  • Agricultural Climate Adaptation Tools Program: In 2020, AB 1071 was introduced and unanimously passed in the CA Assembly. This bill responds to the immediate and long-term climate change risks farmers are facing by establishing a competitive grant program to achieve three objectives: develop science-based, farm-level agricultural climate change adaptation planning tools for California farmers, pilot the decision-support tools in three agricultural regions of the state, and finalize the tools and facilitate trainings for technical assistance providers.

Additional legislation under consideration: Several related or complementary bills were introduced but stalled in the 2019/2020 legislative session. These include creation of the Climate Innovation Grant Program to enable voluntary tax contributions to a new fund for the development of technologies advancing climate change mitigation or adaptation. Another set of bills amends the California Environmental Farming Incentive Program.

Legislative Status Update

Updates in 2023:

AB406 [LS] Healthy Soils Program: organic production; includes incentives to transition to organic production – stalled in committee

AB408 [LS] Climate-resilient Farms, Sustainable Healthy Food Access, and Farmworker Protection Bond Act of 2024; includes grants for “purchase tools, equipment, and infrastructure to support conservation practices, including, but not limited to, soil health practices, water conservation, and wildfire resilience” – passed Assembly, stalled in Senate committee

AB552 [LS] Regional Farmer Equipment and Cooperative Resources Assistance Program; includes grants for “purchase of tools, equipment, and infrastructure to support conservation practices including, but not limited to, soil health practices, water conservation, and wildfire resilience.” – enrolled and presented to Governor 9/20/2023, vetoed 10/8/2023

AB720 [LS] California Rangeland, Grazing Land, and Grassland Protection Program: grants for local programs; includes “stewardship of healthy soils” – passed Assembly, stalled in Senate committee

SB688 [LS] Agrivoltaic systems: grant funding; includes “Consider impacts on crop productivity, soil health, cultivation practices, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and microclimatic conditions across diverse farming systems and agrivoltaic system designs” – passed Senate, stalled in Assembly committee

AB1628 [LS] Microfiber filtration; includes “When biosolids are applied to agricultural fields, microfibers can accumulate in the soil where they are nearly impossible to eliminate. Microfibers can be taken up by plants, resulting in decreased growth rates and nutrient uptake, diminished food production yields, and irreversible damage to terrestrial ecosystems and soil health. The presence of microfibers can increase the uptake of toxic chemicals by plants, posing further concerns about food safety and human health impacts.” – enrolled and presented to Governor 9/21/2023, vetoed 10/8/2023

SB867 [LS] Drought, Flood, and Water Resilience, Wildfire and Forest Resilience, Coastal Resilience, Extreme Heat Mitigation, Biodiversity and Nature-Based Climate Solutions, Climate Smart Agriculture, Park Creation and Outdoor Access, and Clean Energy Bond Act of 2024; includes $50,000,000 for healthy soils grant program – passed Senate, stalled in Assembly committee

AR32 [LS] Relative to Black Conservation Week; includes whereas “Among notable Black conservationists, George Washington Carver was a proponent of soil health and nutrition and advancing the practice of crop rotation to reduce depletion of soil nutrient” – adopted 5/11/2023ACR36 [LS] Relative to Compost Awareness Week; includes whereas “The theme for 2023, “For Healthier Soil, Healthier Food… Compost!,”” – adopted 5/26/2023


Updates in 2022:

SB-45 [LS], Wildfire Prevention, Safe Drinking Water, Drought Preparation, and Flood Protection Bond Act of 2022, includes $45M for soil health, etc. – final bill that passed did not include soil health

AB-252 [LS], Multibenefit Land Repurposing Incentive Program Act; includes soil health includes soil health in Public Resources Code – final bill that passed did not include soil health

AB-322 [LS], California Conservation Ranching Incentive Program; includes soil health – stalled in committee

AB-352 [LS], California Farmland Conservancy Program Act; includes adding soil health to Public Resources Code – stalled in committee

AB-1086 [LS], requires report for implementation strategy to achieve organic waste goals; includes soil health – stalled in committee

AB1500 [LS], Safe Drinking Water, Wildfire Prevention, Drought Preparation, Flood Protection, Extreme Heat Mitigation, and Workforce Development Bond Act of 2022, includes $100M for soil health, etc. – stalled in committee

AB-1508 [LS], “for research to assess the cobenefits from healthy soil practices, such as whole orchard recycling, cover crops, and composting” – stalled in committeeAB-2387 [LS], Safe Drinking Water, Wildfire Prevention, Drought Preparation, Flood Protection, Extreme Heat Mitigation, and Workforce Development Bond Act of 2022; includes funding for soil health in $100M grants and projects – stalled in committee


Updates in 2021:

SB-45, Wildfire Prevention, Safe Drinking Water, Drought Preparation, and Flood Protection Bond Act of 2022, includes $45M for soil health, etc.

AB-252, Multibenefit Land Repurposing Incentive Program Act; includes soil health includes soil health in Public Resources Code

AB-322, California Conservation Ranching Incentive Program; includes soil health

AB-352, California Farmland Conservancy Program Act; includes adding soil health to Public Resources Code

AB-1086, requires report for implementation strategy to achieve organic waste goals; includes soil health

AB1500, Safe Drinking Water, Wildfire Prevention, Drought Preparation, Flood Protection, Extreme Heat Mitigation, and Workforce Development Bond Act of 2022, includes $100M for soil health, etc.

AB-1508, “for research to assess the cobenefits from healthy soil practices, such as whole orchard recycling, cover crops, and composting”

HSI

Legislative Information

Name:

Healthy Soils Initiative (HSI)


Date:

Established April 2015


Legislation:

Created by Governor Jerry Brown’s Executive Order B-30-15, authorized under the Cannella Environmental Farming Act of 1995, Cal. Food & Agric. Code §§ 560–70, with Healthy Soils Program added to that Act (as amended in 2016 by SB 859). Governor Gavin Newsom’s Executive Order N-82-20 directs the California Department of Food and Agriculture to “enhance soil health and biodiversity through the Healthy Soils Initiative”. California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, Cal. Health & Safety Code §§ 38500-38599 was amended in 2022 by AB1757 to mandate that emission targets be set for Nature-Based Climate Solutions on Natural and Working Lands.


Sponsors:

N/A


Agencies Involved:

Lead agency: California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA)

California Air and Resources Board (CARB)

California Department of Conservation (CDOC)

California Department of General Services (DGS)

California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle)

California Department of Water Resources (DWR)

California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA)

California Natural Resources Agency (CNRA) 

California Water Boards

Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR)


Rule Making Processes:

  • Administered by CDFA

Start-up action items and long term goals for HSI listed here

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

HSP

Legislative Information

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

AB1826

Legislative Information

Name:

Mandatory Commercial Organics Recycling (AB 1826)


Date:

Signed into law October 2014 

AB 1826 Implementation Timeline

  • April 2016: Businesses generating 8 cubic yards per week of food waste 
  • January 2017: Businesses generating 4 cubic yards per week of food waste 
  • January 2019: Businesses generating 4 cubic yards per week of solid waste 
  • 2020: If there isn’t a 50% reduction in organic waste from 2014 levels by 2020, businesses generating 2 cubic yards per week of solid waste will have composting requirements

Legislation:

Created by AB 1826: Solid waste: organic wasteCodified in Cal. Pub Res Code §§ 42649.8-42649.87 (2019)


Sponsors:

Assembly Member Wesley Chesbro


Agencies Involved:

California Air Resources Board (CARB)

California Department of Resources Recycling & Recovery (CalRecycle)

Local governmental agencies responsible for waste collection


Rule Making Processes:

Overseen by CalRecycle and local governmental agencies

Rules-based on the amount of organic waste businesses generate

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

SB1383

Legislative Information

Name:

Short Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP): Organic Waste Methane Emissions Reductions


Date:

Signed into law September 2016


Legislation:

Created by SB 1383: Short-lived climate pollutants: methane emissions: dairy and livestock: organic waste: landfills

Codified in Cal. Health & Safety Code §§ 39730.5-39730.8 (2019), Cal. Pub Res Code §§ 42652-42654 (2019)


Sponsors:

Senator Ricardo Lara


Agencies Involved:

California Air Resources Board (CARB)

California Department of Resources Recycling & Recovery (CalRecycle)


Rule Making Processes:

History of the rulemaking process

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

AMMP

Legislative Information

Name:

Alternative Manure Management Program (AMMP)


Date:

Authorizing legislation was signed in 2016. AMMP was launched in 2017 


Legislation:

Preceded by Senate Bill 859


Sponsors:

Introduced by Committee on Budget and Fiscal Review


Agencies Involved:

Air Resources Board (CARB) assist in creating AMMP Benefits and Calculator Tool


Rule Making Processes:

The rulemaking process is created and overseen by the CDFA. 

Grant applications receive an administrative, financial, and technical review.

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

SWEEP

Legislative Information

Name:

State Water Efficiency & Enhancement Program (SWEEP)


Date:

Launched in 2014


Legislation:

Originally authorized by an emergency drought declaration by Governor Jerry Brown through the Executive Order B-17-2014


Sponsors:

N/A


Agencies Involved:

Administered by the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) 

California Air Resources Board (CARB)

California Department of Water Resources


Rule Making Processes:

  • CDFA conducts an administrative review of applications
  • University of California and California State University systems provide academic experts who conduct a technical review of applications 
  • The score is determined by:
    • Emissions reduction per acre 
    • Water savings per acre 
    • Co-benefits including distance from disadvantaged communities 
  • CDFA Application Overview
  • 2023 SWEEP Request for Grant Applications

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

SALC

Legislative Information

Name:

Sustainable Agricultural Lands Conservation Program (SALC)


Date:

SB 862 passed in 2014

SALC launched in 2015 


Legislation:

Introduced as SB 862 Greenhouse gases: emissions reduction bill

Codified as Cal. Health & Safety Code §§ 39719 (2019), Cal. Pub Res Code §§ 75200-75218 (2019)


Sponsors:

Introduced by the Committee on Budget and Fiscal Review


Agencies Involved:

California Air Resources Board (CARB)

California Department of Conservation (CDOC)

California Natural Resources Agency (CNRA)

California Strategic Growth Council (CSGA)


Rule Making Processes:

Rulemaking is overseen by the California Department of Conservation. 

Grant applicants must submit a pre-proposal with basic information on the project’s scope and goals for an initial screening. 

  • Selection criteria are as follows:
    • Demonstrated need for the project 
    • Economic, environmental, or public health co-benefits 
    • Evidence of collaboration with stakeholders 
    • Planning integration of other efforts/ policies in that geographic area 
    • Organizational capacity to execute proposed work 
    • Priority population benefits

Easement and Planning Grant Application Information

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

CIG

Legislative Information

Name:

Climate Innovation Grant Program


Date:

Passed both houses in fall 2019

Vetoed by Governor on October 2, 2019


Legislation:

AB-296


Sponsors:

Assemblymember Ken Cooley (Principal Sponsor)

Senator Henry Stern (Co-Author)

Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia (Co-Author)

Assemblymember Chad Mayes (Co-Author)


Agencies Involved:

California State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission

Strategic Growth Council

Franchise Tax Board /California State Controller’s Office


Rule Making Processes:

Rules would be developed and implemented by the Strategic Growth Council or “another entity identified by the council that it determines to have the appropriate skills necessary to successfully implement this program”.

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

Incentive Program

Legislative Information

Name:

California Environmental Farming Incentive Program (Amendment)


Date:

SB-253: Introduced February 2019, held in committee in the Assembly in August 2019.

SB-1028: Introduced February 2020, rescinded due to the shortened 2020 Legislative Session in May 2020.


Legislation:

SB-253 and SB-1028


Sponsors:

Senator Bill Dodd (Prinicipal Sponsor)

Senator Henry Stern (Co-Author)


Agencies Involved:

California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) 

Environmental Farming Act Science Advisory Panel (EFA SAP)


Rule Making Processes:

The program is administered by the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) and advised by the Environmental Farming Act Science Advisory Panel (EFA SAP).

Program Summary

Funding Sources

Lessons Learned

State Contacts & Resources

Legislative Committees

State Assembly Committee: Agriculture

State Universities & Researchers

Agricultural Organizations & Technical Assistance

Media & Additional Resources

Last Update: 01/12/2024